ClassDraft

CWE-285Improper Authorization

Category: auth

Description

The product does not perform or incorrectly performs an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

Common consequences· 3

  • Confidentiality — Read Application Data, Read Files or Directories
    An attacker could read sensitive data, either by reading the data directly from a data store that is not properly restricted, or by accessing insufficiently-protected, privileged functionality to read the data.
  • Integrity — Modify Application Data, Modify Files or Directories
    An attacker could modify sensitive data, either by writing the data directly to a data store that is not properly restricted, or by accessing insufficiently-protected, privileged functionality to write the data.
  • Access Control — Gain Privileges or Assume Identity, Execute Unauthorized Code or Commands
    When access control checks are not applied consistently - or not at all - an attacker could gain privileges and execute unauthorized code or commands by modifying or reading critical data directly, or by accessing insufficiently-protected, privileged functionality.

Potential mitigations· 5

  • [Architecture and Design]
  • [Architecture and Design]Ensure that you perform access control checks related to your business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that you apply to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor.
  • [Architecture and Design]
  • [Architecture and Design]
  • [System Configuration, Installation]Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

Related CAPEC attack patterns· 17

CAPEC-1CAPEC-104CAPEC-127CAPEC-13CAPEC-17CAPEC-39CAPEC-402CAPEC-45CAPEC-5CAPEC-51CAPEC-59CAPEC-60CAPEC-647CAPEC-668CAPEC-76CAPEC-77CAPEC-87

References

  1. https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/285.html

Exploits (incoming)13

TypeTargetConfidenceTier
AttackPatternUsing Malicious Filescapec-17100%live
AttackPatternReusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)capec-60100%live
AttackPatternManipulating Web Input to File System Callscapec-76100%live
AttackPatternAccessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLscapec-1100%live
AttackPatternBypassing ATA Password Securitycapec-402100%live
AttackPatternPoison Web Service Registrycapec-51100%live
AttackPatternManipulating User-Controlled Variablescapec-77100%live
AttackPatternCross Zone Scriptingcapec-104100%live
AttackPatternDirectory Indexingcapec-127100%live
AttackPatternForceful Browsingcapec-87100%live
AttackPatternBuffer Overflow via Symbolic Linkscapec-45100%live
AttackPatternSession Credential Falsification through Predictioncapec-59100%live
AttackPatternManipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokenscapec-39100%live

Compliance frameworks addressing this (incoming)6

TypeTargetConfidenceTier
ComplianceControldora-art24100%live
ComplianceControlowasp_top10-a01100%live
ComplianceControlnis2-art21i100%live
ComplianceControlowasp_api_top10-api01100%live
ComplianceControlpci_dss_v4-r7100%live
ComplianceControlpci_dss_v4-r1100%live

(incoming)131

TypeTargetConfidenceTier
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-0849cve-2025-08490%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-0928cve-2025-09280%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10275cve-2025-102750%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10276cve-2025-102760%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10277cve-2025-102770%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10278cve-2025-102780%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10291cve-2025-102910%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10318cve-2025-103180%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10389cve-2025-103890%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10390cve-2025-103900%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10707cve-2025-107070%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10987cve-2025-109870%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10988cve-2025-109880%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-10989cve-2025-109890%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-11047cve-2025-110470%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-11048cve-2025-110480%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-11049cve-2025-110490%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-11050cve-2025-110500%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-11521cve-2025-115210%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-1226cve-2025-12260%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-12283cve-2025-122830%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-12288cve-2025-122880%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-13576cve-2025-135760%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-13806cve-2025-138060%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-13808cve-2025-138080%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-14016cve-2025-140160%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-15085cve-2025-150850%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-15582cve-2025-155820%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-1847cve-2025-18470%live
VulnerabilityCVE-2025-21400cve-2025-214000%live

Showing top 30 of 131 by confidence. Click any target to see the full neighbourhood.

Related by meaning· 6

Nearest entities by semantic similarity across the cs-graph corpus.

CWE
Incorrect Authorization
CWE
Missing Authorization
CWE
Improper Access Control
CWE
Improper Privilege Management
CWE
Incorrect Privilege Assignment
CWE
Improper Ownership Management
Sourced from MITRE CWE 4.20. Curated for EU compliance use cases by Adam Lundqvist, Founder at SQUR.